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This is a selection of some of the most recent publications of the NRI's faculty:

To view abstracts and possibly full text, try PubMed.

Select a year to browse: 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2001, 2000

(Papers earlier than 2000, may be researched through PubMed at the link above)

Numerous others are in press and will be listed as they become available.

2007

1.   Cadet P, Mantione KJ, Zhu W, Kream RM, Sheehan M, Stefano GB. A functionally coupled mu3-like opiate receptor/nitric oxide regulatory pathway in human multi-lineage progenitor cells. Journal of Immunology 2007. 179(9): 5839-5844.

2.   Cheng J, Zhang C, Han JS, Stefano GB, Kream RM. TENS stimulates constitutive nitric oxide release via opiate signaling in invertebrate neural tissues. Med Sci Monit 2007. 13(8): BR163-BR167.

3.   Esch T, Stefano GB. A bio-psycho-socio-molecular approach to pain and stress management. Forsch Komplementarmed 2007. 14(4): 224-234.

4.   Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Vivoli E, Norcini M, Zhu W, Stefano GB, Guarna M, Bianchi E. Molecular interaction in the mouse PAG between NMDA and opioid receptors in morphine induced acute thermal nociception. J Neurochem 2007.

5.   Kream RM, Liu NJ, Zhuang M, Esposito PL, Esposito TR, Stefano GB, Witmeyer Iii JJ. Synthesis and pharmacological analysis of a morphine/substance P chimeric molecule with full analgesic potency in morphine-tolerant rats. Med Sci Monit 2007. 13(2): BR25-BR31.

6.   Kream RM, Sheehan M, Cadet P, Mantione KJ, Zhu W, Casares FM, Stefano GB. Persistence of evolutionary memory: Primordial six-transmembrane helical domain mu opiate receptors selectively linked to endogenous morphine signaling. Medical Science Monitor 2007.

7.   Mantione KJ, Cadet P, Zhu W, Kream RM, Sheehan M, Fricchione GL, Goumon Y, Esch T, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine signaling via nitric oxide regulates the expression of CYP2D6 and COMT: autocrine/paracrine feedback inhibition. Addict Biol 2007.

8.   Mantione KJ, Esch T, Stefano GB. Detection of nitric oxide in exhaled human breath: exercise and resting determinations. Med Sci Monit 2007. 13(3): MT1-MT5.

9.   Stefano GB, Bianchi E, Guarna M, Fricchione GL, Zhu W, Cadet P, Mantione KJ, Casares FM, Kream RM, Esch T. Nicotine, alcohol and cocaine coupling to reward processes via endogenous morphine signaling: The dopamine-morphine hypothesis. Med Sci Monit 2007. 13(6): RA91-102.

10. Stefano GB, Kream RM. Endogenous morphine synthetic pathway preceded and gave rise to catecholamine synthesis in evolution (Review). Int J Mol Med 2007. 20(6): 837-841.

11. Welters ID, Menzebach A, Goumon Y, Langefeld TW, Harbach H, Muhling J, Cadet P, Stefano GB. Morphine inhibits AP-1 activity and CD14 expression in leukocytes by a nitric oxide and opioid receptor-dependent mechanism. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2007.  1-8.

12. Zhu W, Mantione KJ, Kream RM, Cadet P, Stefano GB. Cholinergic regulation of morphine release from human white blood cells: evidence for a novel nicotinic receptor via pharmacological and microarray analysis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2007. 20(2): 229-237.

2006

1.         Casares FM, Mantione KJ, Oh K, Lee R, Stefano GB. Nitric oxide's pulsatile release in lobster heart and its regulation by opiate signaling: Pesticide interference. Med Sci Monit 2006. 12(12): BR373-BR378.

2.         Dusek JA, Chang BH, Zaki J, Lazar S, Deykin A, Stefano GB, Wohlhueter AL, Hibberd PL, Benson H. Association between oxygen consumption and nitric oxide production during the relaxation response. Med Sci Monit 2006. 12(1): CR1-10.

3.         Esch T, Kim JW, Stefano GB. Neurobiological implications of eating healthy. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2006. 27(1-2).

4.         Esch T, Michalsen A, Stefano GB. [Endocannabinoids as molecular instruments of health promotion]. Med Monatsschr Pharm 2006. 29(11): 397-403.

5.         Galeotti N, Stefano GB, Guarna M, Bianchi E, Ghelardini C. Signaling pathway of morphine induced acute thermal hyperalgesia in mice. Pain 2006. 123(3): 294-305.

6.         Glattard E, Muller A, Aunis D, Metz-Boutigue MH, Stefano GB, Goumon Y. Rethinking the opiate system? Morphine and morphine-6-glucuronide as new endocrine and neuroendocrine mediators. Med Sci Monit 2006. 12(6): SR25-SR27.

7.         Goumon Y, Muller A, Glattard E, Marban C, Gasnier C, Strub JM, Chasserot-Golaz S, Rohr O, Stefano GB, Welters ID, Van DA, Schoentgen F, Aunis D, Metz-Boutigue MH. Identification of Morphine-6-glucuronide in Chromaffin Cell Secretory Granules. J Biol Chem 2006. 281(12): 8082-8089.

8.         Kream RM, Stefano GB. De novo biosynthesis of morphine in animal cells: An evidence-based model. Medical Science Monitor 2006. 12(10): RA207-RA219.

9.         Kream RM, Stefano GB. Morphine synthesis in animals (Editorial). Medical Science Monitor 2006. 12(10): ED1-ED2.

10.       Mantione KJ, Kim C, Stefano GB. Morphine regulates gill ciliary activity via coupling to nitric oxide release in a bivalve mollusk: opiate receptor expression in gill tissues. Med Sci Monit 2006. 12(6): BR195-BR200.

11.       Salamon E, Esch T, Stefano GB. Pain and relaxation (review). Int J Mol Med 2006. 18(3): 465-470.

12.       Stefano GB, Salamon EJ. Nitric Oxide and Anandamide in OMT Research. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2006. 106(10): 588-589.

13.       Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Esch T. Relaxation: Molecular and physiological significance. Medical Science Monitor 2006. 12(9): HY21-31.

14.       Zhu W, Mantione KJ, Shen L, Lee B, Stefano GB. Norlaudanosoline and nicotine increase endogenous ganglionic morphine levels: Nicotine addiction. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2006. 26(4-6): 1037-1045.

15.       Zhu W, Mantione KJ, Casares FM, Cadet P, Kim JW, Bilfinger TV, Kream RM, Khalil S, Singh S, Stefano GB. Alcohol-, nicotine-, and cocaine-evoked release of morphine from invertebrate ganglia: Model system for screening drugs of abuse. Medical Science Monitor 2006. 12(5): BR155-BR161.

16.       Zhu W, Mantione KJ, Casares FM, Sheehan MH, Kream RM, Stefano GB. Cholinergic regulation of endogenous morphine release from lobster nerve cord. Med Sci Monit 2006. 12(9): BR295-BR301.

17.       Zhu W, Cadet P, Mantione KJ, Kream RM, Stefano GB. Response to Comment on "Human White Blood Cells Synthesize Morphine: CYP2D6 Modulation". Journal of Immunology 2006. 176: 5704.

18.       Zhu W, Mantione K, Kream RM, Stefano GB. Alcohol-, Nicotine-, and Cocaine-Evoked Release of Morphine from Human White Blood Cells: Substances of Abuse Actions Converge on Endogenous Morphine Release. Medical Science Monitor 2006. 12(11): BR350-BR354.

2005

1.         Casares FM, McElroy A, Mantione KJ, Baggerman G, Zhu W, Stefano GB. The American lobster, Homarus americanus, contains morphine that is coupled to nitric oxide release in its nervous and immune tissues: Evidence for neurotransmitter and hormonal signaling. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2005. 26(2): 89-97.

2.                  Esch T, Stefano GB. The Neurobiology of Love. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2005. 26(3): 175-192.

3.                  Esch T, Stefano GB. Love Promotes Health. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2005. 26(3): 264-267.

4.                  Fricchione GL, Stefano GB. Placebo neural systems: Nitric oxide, morphine and the dopamine brain reward and motivation circuitries. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(5): MS54-MS65.

5.                  Goumon Y, Strub JM, Stefano GB, Van Dorsselaer A, Aunis D, Metz-Boutigue MH. Characterization of a morphine-like molecule in secretory granules of chromaffin cells. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(5): MS31-MS34.

6.                  Guarna M, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Stefano GB, Bianchi E. Neurotransmitter role of endogenous morphine in CNS. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(6): RA190-RA193.

7.                  Mantione KJ, Goumon Y, Esch T, Stefano GB. Morphine 6b glucuronide: Fortuitous morphine metabolite or preferred peripheral regulatory opiate? Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(5): MS43-MS46.

8.                  Olsen P, Rasmussen M, Zhu W, Tonnesen E, Stefano GB. Human gliomas contain morphine. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(5): MS18-MS21.

9.                  Pak T, Cadet P, Mantione KJ, Stefano GB. Morphine via nitric oxide modulates beta-amyloid metabolism: a novel protective mechanism for Alzheimer's disease. Med Sci Monit 2005. 11(10): BR357-BR366.

10.              Pryor SC, Zhu W, Cadet P, Bianchi E, Guarna M, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine: opening new doors for the treatment of pain and addiction. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2005. 5(7): 893-906.

11.              Rambhia S, Mantione KJ, Stefano GB, Cadet P. Morphine modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome complex is neuroprotective. Med Sci Monit 2005. 11(11): BR386-BR396.

12.              Salamon E, Esch T, Stefano GB. The role of the amygdala in mediating sexual and emotional behavior via coupled nitric oxide release. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2005. 26(4): 389-395.

13.              Sonetti D, Peruzzi E, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine and ACTH association in neural tissues. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(5): MS22-MS30.

14.              Stefano GB, Finn III JP. Intellectual Property 101. Med Sci Monit 2005. 11(11): ED7.

15.              Stefano GB. Advances in endogenous morphine. Med Sci Monit 2005. 11(5): ED1.

16.              Stefano GB, Esch T. Integrative medical therapy: examination of meditation's therapeutic and global medicinal outcomes via nitric oxide (review). Int J Mol Med 2005. 16(4): 621-630.

17.              Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Goumon Y, Esch T. Pain, immunity, opiate and opioid compounds and health. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(5): MS47-MS53.

18.              Stefano GB, Esch T. Love and stress (Editorial). Neuroendocrinology Letters 2005. 26(3): 173-174.

19.              Stefano GB, Burrill JD, Labur S, Blake J, Cadet P. Regulation of various genes in human leukocytes acutely exposed to morphine: Expression microarray analysis. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(5): MS35-MS42.

20.              Zhu W, Mantione KJ, Shen L, Stefano GB. In vivo and in vitro L-DOPA exposure increases ganglionic morphine levels. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11(5): MS1-MS5.

21.              Zhu W, Mantione KJ, Shen L, Cadet P, Esch T, Goumon Y, Bianchi E, Sonetti D, Stefano GB. Tyrosine and tyramine increase endogenous ganglionic morphine and dopamine levels in vitro and in vivo: CYP2D6 and tyrosine hydroxylase modulation demonstrates a dopamine coupling. Medical Science Monitor 2005. 11: BR397-BR404.

22.              Zhu W, Cadet P, Baggerman G, Mantione KJ, Stefano GB. Human white blood cells synthesize morphine: CYP2D6 modulation. Journal of Immunology 2005. 175(11): 7357-7362.

2004

1.                  Cadet P, Rasmussen M, Zhu W, Tonnesen E, Mantione KJ, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphinergic signaling and tumor growth. Frontiers in Bioscience 2004. 9: 3176-3186.

2.                  Cadet P, Mantione KJ, Bilfinger TV, Stefano GB. Differential expression of the human mu opiate receptor from different primary vascular endothelial cells. Medical Science Monitor 2004. 10(10): BR351-BR355.

3.                  Esch T, Guarna M, Bianchi E, Stefano GB. Meditation and limbic processes. Biofeedback 2004. 32(3): 22-27.

4.                  Esch T, Guarna M, Bianchi E, Zhu W, Stefano GB. Commonalities in the central nervous system's involvement with complementary medical therapies: Limbic morphinergic processes. Medical Science Monitor 2004. 10(6): MS6-MS17.

5.                  Esch T, Stefano GB. The neurobiology of pleasure, reward processes, addiction and their health implications. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2004. 25(4): 235-251.

6.                  Guarna M, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Bartolini A, Noli L, Neri C, Stefano GB, Bianchi E. Effects of endogenous morphine deprivation on memory retention of passive avoidance learning in mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2004. 7(3): 311-319.

7.                  Lishmanov YB, Naryzhnaya NV, Krylatov AB, Maslov LN, Bogomaz SA, Ugdyzhekova DS, Gross GJ, Stefano GB. Role of opiate receptors and ATP-dependent potassium channels of mitochondria in the formation of myocardial adaptive resistance to the arrhythmogenic effect of ischemia and reperfusion. Izvestiya RAN seriya biologicheskaya 2004. 6: 720-727.

8.                  Mantione KJ, Stefano GB. A sub-nanomolar real-time nitric oxide probe: in vivo nitric oxide release in heart. Med Sci Monit 2004. 10(4): MT47-MT49.

9.                  Neri C, Guarna M, Bianchi E, Sonetti D, Matteucci G, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine and codeine in the brain of non-human primate. Medical Science Monitor 2004. 10(6): MS1-MS5.

10.              Olsen P, Rasmussen M, Stefano GB, Tonnesen EK. [Morphine affects the proliferation of tumour cells]. Ugeskr Laeger 2004. 166(48): 4347-4350.

11.              Salamon E, Zhu W, Stefano GB. Nitric oxide as a possible mechanism for understanding the therapeutic effects of osteopathic manipulative medicine (Review). Int J Mol Med 2004. 14(3): 443-449.

12.              Stefano GB, Zhu W, Cadet P, Salamon E, Mantione KJ. Music alters constitutively expressed opiate and cytokine processes in listeners. Medical Science Monitor 2004. 10(6): MS18-MS27.

13.              Stefano GB. Reply to comment to: Music alters constitutely expressed opiate and cytokine processes in listeners; Med Sci Monit, 2004; 10(6): MS18-27. Med Sci Monit 2004. 10(10): LE19-LE20.

14.              Stefano GB, Kim E, Liu Y, Zhu W, Casares F, Mantione K, Jones DA, Cadet P. Nitric oxide modulates microglial activation. Med Sci Monit 2004. 10(2): BR17-BR22.

15.              Stefano GB, Zhu W, Cadet P, Mantione K. Morphine enhances nitric oxide release in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract via the m3 opiate receptor subtype: A hormonal role for endogenous morphine. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2004. 55(1 Pt 2): 279-288.

16.              Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine: a role in wellness medicine. Med Sci Monit 2004. 10(6): ED5.

17.              Stefano GB, Mantione K, Jones D, Zhu W, Casares F, Cadet P. Immunocytes modulate ganglionic nitric oxide release which later affects their activity level. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2004. 25(1-2): 57-61.

18.              Zhu W, Stefano GB. Reticuline exposure to invertebrate Ganglia increases endogenous morphine levels. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2004. 25(5): 323-330.

19.              Zhu W, Pryor SC, Putnam J, Cadet P, Stefano GB. Opiate alkaloids and nitric oxide production in the nematode Ascaris suum. Journal of Parasitology 2004. 90(1): 15-22.

20.              Zhu W, Ma Y, Bell A, Esch T, Guarna M, Bilfinger TV, Bianchi E, Stefano GB. Presence of morphine in rat amygdala: Evidence for the 3 opiate receptor subtype via nitric oxide release in limbic structures. Med Sci Monit 2004. 10(12): BR433-BR439.

2003

1.                  Butts CO, Stefano GB, Fricchione G, Salamon E. Religion and its effects on crime and delinquency. Med Sci Monit 2003. 9(8): SR79-SR82.

2.                  Cadet P, Zhu W, Mantione K, Rymer M, Dardik I, Reisman S, Hagberg S, Stefano GB. Cyclic exercise induces anti-inflammatory signal molecule increases in the plasma of Parkinson's patients. Int J Mol Med 2003. 12(4): 485-492.

3.                  Cadet P, Mantione KJ, Stefano GB. Molecular identification and functional expression of mu3, a novel alternatively spliced variant of the human mu opiate receptor gene. Journal of Immunology 2003. 170(10): 5118-5123.

4.                  Cho JJ, Ianucci FA, Fraile M, Franco J, Alesius TN, Stefano GB. The role of estrogen in neuroprotection: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2003. 24(3-4): 141-147.

5.                  Cho JJ, Cadet P, Salamon E, Mantione KJ, Stefano GB. The nongenomic protective effects of estrogen on the male cardiovascular system: clinical and therapeutic implications in aging men. Medical Science Monitor 2003. 9(3): RA63-RA68.

6.                  de la Torre JC, Pappas BA, Prevot V, Emmerling MR, Mantione K, Fortin T, Watson MD, Stefano GB. Hippocampal nitric oxide upregulation precedes memory loss and A beta I-40 accumulation after chronic brain hypoperfusion in rats. Neurological Research 2003. 25(6): 635-641.

7.                  de la Torre JC, Emmerling MR, Stefano GB, Aliev G. A rat model of MCI upregulates nitric oxide and precedes memory loss and A beta 1-40 accumulation after chronic brain hypoperfusion. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience 2003. 21(5-6): 264.

8.                  Esch T, Fricchione GL, Stefano GB. The therapeutic use of the relaxation response in stress-related diseases. Medical Science Monitor 2003. 9(2): RA23-RA34.

9.                  Guarna M, Bartolini A, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Bracci L, Stefano GB, Bianchi E. Anti-mu opioid antiserum against the third external loop of the cloned mu opioid receptor acts a mu receptor neutral antagonist. Mol Brain Res 2003. 119(1): 100-110.

10.              Jones DA, Cho JJ, Salamon E, Stefano GB. Risk factors for breast cancer and the prognosis of African American women: estrogen's role. Med Sci Monit 2003. 9(6): RA110-RA118.

11.              Mantione K, Hong R, Im R, Nam JH, Simon M, Cadet P, Stefano GB. Effects of cold stress on morphine-induced nitric oxide production and mu-opiate receptor gene expression in Mytilus edulis pedal ganglia. Neuroendocrinol Lett 2003. 24(1-2): 68-72.

12.              Maslov LN, Lishmanov YB, Solenkova NV, Gross GJ, Stefano GB, Tam SW. Activation of peripheral delta opioid receptors eliminates cardiac electrical instability in a rat model of post-infarction cardiosclerosis via mitochondrial ATP-dependent K(+) channels. Life Sci 2003. 73(7): 947-952.

13.              Salamon E, Kim M, Beaulieu J, Stefano GB. Sound therapy induced relaxation: down regulating stress processes and pathologies. Med Sci Monit 2003. 9(5): RA96-RA101.

14.              Salamon E, Bernstein SR, Kim SA, Kim M, Stefano GB. The effects of auditory perception and musical preference on anxiety in naive human subjects. Med Sci Monit 2003. 9(9): CR396-CR399.

15.              Salzet M, Stefano GB. Chromocin-like peptide in leeches. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2003. 24(3-4): 227-232.

16.              Stefano GB, Cadet P, Mantione K, Cho JJ, Jones D, Zhu W. Estrogen Signaling at the Cell Surface Coupled to Nitric Oxide Release in Mytilus edulis Nervous System. Endocrinology 2003. 144(4): 1234-1240.

17.              Stefano GB, Esch T, Cadet P, Zhu W, Mantione K, Benson H. Endocannabinoids as autoregulatory signaling molecules: coupling to nitric oxide and a possible association with the relaxation response. Med Sci Monit 2003. 9(4): RA63-RA75.

18.              Stefano GB, Zhu W, Mantione K, Jones D, Salamon E, Cho JJ, Cadet P. 17-b-estradiol down regulates ganglionic microglial cells via nitric oxide release: Presence of a fragment for estrogen receptor b. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2003. 24(3-4): 130-136.

19.              Stefano GB, Cadet P, Rialas CM, Mantione K, Casares F, Goumon Y, Zhu W. Invertebrate opiate immune and neural signaling. Adv Exp Med Biol 2003. 521: 126-147.

20.              Stefano GB. Estrogen Genomic and Nongenomic Signaling Processes May Really Be Working In Harmony. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2003. 24(3-4): 128-129.

21.              Zhu W, Mantione K, Jones D, Salamon E, Cho JJ, Cadet P, Stefano GB. The Presence of 17-b estradiol in Mytilus edulis Gonadal Tissues: Evidence for Estradiol Isoforms. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2003. 24(3-4): 137-140.

22.              Zhu W, Ma Y, Cadet P, Yu D, Bilfinger TV, Bianchi E, Stefano GB. Presence of reticuline in rat brain: A pathway for morphine biosynthesis. Mol Brain Res 2003. 117(1): 83-90.

2002

1.                  Benz D, Cadet P, Mantione K, Zhu W, Stefano GB. Tonal nitric oxide and health: A free radical and a scavenger of free radicals. Medical Science Monitor 2002; 8(1):1-4.

2.                  Benz D, Cadet P, Mantione K, Zhu W, Stefano GB. Tonal nitric oxide and health: Anti-bacterial and -viral actions and implications for HIV. Medical Science Monitor 2002; 8(2):RA27-RA31.

3.                  Bilfinger TV, Stefano GB. The role of protease inhibition with emphasis on the effects of inflammation and vascular immune phenomena. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2002. 8(7): 505-508.

4.                  Bilfinger TV, Vosswinkel JA, Cadet P, Rialas CM, Magazine HI, Stefano GB. Direct assessment of diminished production of morphine stimulated NO by diabetic endothelium from saphenous vein. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002. 23(2): 97-102.

5.                  Cadet P, Mantione K, Bilfinger TV, Stefano GB. Morphine down regulates human vascular tissue estrogen receptor expression determined by real-time RT-PCR. Neuroendocrinol Lett 2002. 23(2): 95-100.

6.                  Cadet P, Zhu W, Mantione K, Baggerman G, Stefano GB. Cold stress alters Mytilus edulis pedal ganglia expression of m opiate receptor transcripts determined by real-time RT-PCR and morphine levels. Brain Research: Molecular Brain Research 2002. 99(1): 26-33.

7.                  Czlonkowska A, Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I, Czlonkowski A, Peter D, Stefano GB. Immune processes in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease D a potential role for microglia and nitric oxide. Med Sci Monit 2002. 8(8): RA165-RA177.

8.                  Esch T, Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Benson H. Stress in cardiovascular diseases. Medical Science Monitor 2002. 8(5): RA93-RA101.

9.                  Esch T, Stefano GB. An overview of stress and its impact in immunological diseases. Modern Aspects of Immunobiology 2002. 2(4): 187-192.

10.              Esch T, Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Benson H. The role of stress in neurodegenerative diseases and mental disorders. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2002. 23(3): 199-208.

11.              Esch T, Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Benson H. Stress-related diseases: A potential role for nitric oxide. Medical Science Monitor 2002. 8(6): RA103-RA118.

12.              Esch T, Stefano GB. Proinflammation: A common denominator or initiator of different pathophysiological disease processes. Medical Science Monitor 2002. 8(5): 1-9.

13.              Goumon Y, Stefano GB, Aunis D, Metz-Boutigue MH. Implication of endogenous morphine in the communication between neuroendocrine and immune systems. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2002. 971(542): 543.

14.              Guarna M, Bianchi E, Bartolini A, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Bracci L, Neri C, Sonetti D, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine modulates acute thermonociception in mice. J Neurochem 2002. 80(2): 271-277.

15.              Guarna M, Bianchi E, Bartolini A, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Bracci L, Neri C, Sonetti D, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine modulates acute thermonociception in mice. J Neurochem 2002. 80(2): 271-277.

16.              Krylatov AV, Bernatskaia NA, Maslov LN, Pertwee RG, Mechoulam R, Stefano GB, Sharaevskii MA, Sal'nikova OM. [Increase of the heart arrhythmogenic resistance and decrease of the myocardial necrosis zone during activation of cannabinoid receptors]Russian. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechonova 2002. 88(5): 560-567.

17.              Krylatov AV, Uzhachenko RV, Maslov LN, Ugdyzhekova DS, Bernatskaia NA, Pertwee R, Stefano GB, Makriyannis A. [Anandamide and R-(+)-methanandamide prevent development of ischemic and reperfusion arrhythmia in rats by stimulation of CB2-receptors]Russian. Eksp Klin Farmakol 2002. 65(3): 6-9.

18.              Lasukova TV, Krylatov AV, Maslov LN, Lishmanov YB, Gross GJ, Stefano GB. Effect of in vivo and in vitro stimulation of delta1-opioid receptors on myocardial resistance to arrhythmogenic action of ischemia and reperfusion. Bull Exp Biol and Med 2002. 134(4): 359-362.

19.              Mantione K, Zhu W, Rialas C, Casares F, Franklin A, Tonnesen J, Stefano GB. Morphine-6-glucuronide stimulates nitric oxide release in mussel neural tissues: Evidence for a morphine-6-glucuronide opiate receptor subtype. Cellular & Molecular Life Sciences 2002. 59(3): 570-574.

20.              Rasmussen M, Zhu W, Tonnesen J, Cadet P, Tonnesen E, Stefano GB. Effects of morphine on tumour growth. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2002. 23(3): 193-198.

21.              Salamon E, Stefano GB, Kim M. Music as an aid in the development of the social self. Medical Science Monitor 2002. 8(12): SR35-SR38.

22.              Salzet M, Stefano GB. The endocannabinoid system in invertebrates. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes & Essential Fatty Acids 2002. 66(2-3): 353-361.

23.              Stefano GB, Miller J. Communication between animal cells and the plant foods they ingest: phyto-zooidal dependencies and signaling. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 2002. 10(4): 413-421.

24.              Stefano GB, Ottaviani E. The biochemical substrate of nitric oxide signaling is present in primitive non-cognitive organisms. Brain Research 2002. 924(1): 82-89.

25.              Stefano GB, Zhu W, Cadet P, Mantione K, Bilfinger TV, Bianchi E, Guarna M. A hormonal role for endogenous opiate alkaloids: Vascular tissues. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2002. 23(1): 21-26.

26.              Stefano GB, Fricchione GL. The biology of deception: "Man's inhumanity to man" and emerging viruses. Placebo 2002. 3: 4-11.

27.              Stefano GB, Cadet P, Zhu W, Rialas CM, Mantione K, Benz D, Fuentes R, Casares F, Fricchione GL, Fulop ZI, Slingsby BT. The blueprint for stress can be found in invertebrates. Neuroendocrinology Letters 2002. 23(2): 85-93.

28.              Stefano GB, Salzet M, Magazine HI. Cyclic nitric oxide release by human granulocytes, and invertebrate ganglia and immunocytes: Nano-technological enhancement of amperometric nitric oxide determination. Medical Science Monitor 2002. 8(6): BR199-BR204.

29.              Stefano GB, Benz D. Nitric oxide modulates cell shape. Current Opinions in European Medicine 2002. 3(2): 32-39.

30.              Zhu W, Ma Y, Stefano GB. Presence of isoquinoline alkaloids in molluscan ganglia. Neuroendocrinol Lett 2002. 23(4): 329-334.

31.              Zhu W, Baggerman G, Secor WE, Casares F, Pryor SC, Fricchione GL, Ruiz-Tiben E, Eberhard ML, Bimi L, Stefano GB. Dracunculus medinensis and Schistosoma mansoni contain opiate alkaloids. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 2002. 96(3): 309-316.

2001

1.                  Cadet P, Mantione K, Bilfinger TV, Stefano GB. Real-time RT-PCR measurement of the modulation of Mu opiate receptor expression by nitric oxide in human mononuclear cells. Med Sci Monit 2001; 7(6):1123-1128.

2.                  Cadet P, Weeks BS, Bilfinger TV, Mantione K, Casares F, Stefano GB. HIV gp120 and morphine alter m opiate receptor expression in human vascular endothelium. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 2001; 8(2):165-169.

3.                  Fricchione GL, Daly R, Rogers MP, Stefano GB. Neuroimmunologic influences in neuropsychiatric and psychophysiologic disorders. Acta Pharmacol Sinica 2001; 22(7):577-587.

4.                  Goumon Y, Casares F, Zhu W, Stefano GB. The presence of morphine in ganglioic tissues of Modiolus deminissus: A highly sensitive method of quantitation for morphine and its derivatives. Mol Brain Res 2001; 86:184-188.

5.                  Hofbauer R, Frass M, Kaye AD, Gmeiner B, Stefano GB. Frequency of placebo citations in biomedical science: A computerized database search. Placebo 2001; 1:7-10.

6.                  Knauf C, Prevot V, Stefano GB, Mortreux G, Beauvillain JC, Croix D. Evidence for a spontaneous nitric oxide release from the rat median eminence: Influence on gonadotropin-releasing hormone release. Endocrinology 2001; 142(6):2343-2350.

7.                  Salzet M, Stefano GB. Evidence for annelid neuroendocrine system: Evolutionarily conserved mechanisms. Placebo 2001; 2(3):54-72.

8.                  Slingsby BT, Stefano GB. The active ingredients in the sugar pill: Trust and belief. Placebo 2001; 2(2):33-38.

9.                  Stefano GB, Cadet P, Fimiani C, Magazine HI. Morphine stimulates iNOS expression via a rebound from inhibition in human macrophages: nitric oxide involvement. International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 2001; 14:129-138.

10.              Stefano GB, Cadet P. Computer-assisted microscopic image analysis in immunology. Chemotaxis and Migration 2001; 2(52):59.

11.              Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Slingsby BT. Is stress stress? Placebo 2001; 3(4):101-110.

12.              Stefano GB, Peter D. Cell surface estrogen receptors coupled to cNOS mediate immune and vascular tissue regulation: Therapeutic implications. Medical Science Monitor 2001; 7(5):1066-1074.

13.              Stefano GB, Magazine HI. Nitric oxide autoregulation and its significance. Modern Aspects of Immunobiology 2001; 1:182-186.

14.              Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Slingsby BT, Benson H. The placebo effect and relaxation response: Neural processes and their coupling to constitutive nitric oxide. Brain Research: Brain Research Reviews 2001; 35(1):1-19.

15.              Stefano GB, Murga J, Benson H, Zhu W. Nitric oxide inhibits norepinephrine stimulated contraction of human internal thoracic artery and rat aorta. Pharmacol Res 2001; 43(2):199-203.

16.              Stefano GB, Neenan K, Cadet P, Magazine HI, Bilfinger TV. Ischemic preconditioning - an opiate constitutive nitric oxide molecular hypothesis. Med Sci Monit 2001; 7(6):1357-1375.

17.              Stefano GB, Prevot V, Cadet P, Dardik I. Vascular pulsations stimulating nitric oxide release during cyclic exercise may benefit health: a molecular approach (review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine 2001; 7(2):119-129.

18.              Weeks BS, Goldman S, Touma S, Payne M, Cadet P, Stefano GB. Morphine inhibits indolactam V-induced U937 cell adhesion and gelatinase secretion. J Cell Physiol 2001; 189(2):179-188.

19.              Weeks BS, Alston J, Cadet P, Zhu W, Rialas CM, Stefano GB. Morphine reduces herpes Simplex virus-1 pathogenesis in murine flank. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 2001; 8(3):303-307.

20.              Zhu W, Bilfinger TV, Baggerman G, Goumon Y, Stefano G. Presence of endogenous morphine and morphine 6 glucuronide in human heart tissue. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 2001; 7(4):419-422.

21.              Zhu W, Baggerman G, Goumon Y, Casares F, Brownawell B, Stefano GB. Presence of morphine and morphine-6-glucuronide in the marine mollusk Mytilus edulis ganglia determined by GC/MS and Q-TOF-MS. Starvation increases opiate alkaloid levels. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2001; 88(1-2):155-160.

22.              Zhu W, Bilfinger TV, Baggerman G, Goumon Y, Stefano GB. Presence of endogenous morphine and morphine 6 glucuronide in human heart tissue. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 2001; 7(4):419-422.

23.              Zhu W, Baggerman G, Goumon Y, Zenk MH, Stefano GB. Identification of morphine and morphine-6-glucuronide in the adrenal medullary chromaffin PC-12 cell line by nano electrospray ionization double quadrupole orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass spectrometry. Eur J of Mass Spect 2001; 7:25-28.

2000

1.                  Bilfinger TV, Vosswinkel JA, Rialas C, Krukenkamp IB, Stefano GB. Functional assessment of disease free saphenous vein grafts at redo coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 2000; 69(4):1183-1187.

2.                  Bilfinger TV, Stefano GB. Human aortocoronary grafts and nitric oxide release: Relationship to pulsatile pressure. Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000; 69:480-485.

3.                  Bouret S, Prevot V, Croix D, Viltart O, Stefano GB, Mitchell V et al. m Opioid receptor mRNA expression in neuronal nitric oxide synthase-immunopositive preoptic area neurons. Mol Brain Res 2000; 80:46-52.

4.                  Brix-Christensen V, Goumon Y, Tonnesen E, Chew M, Bilfinger TV, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine is produced in response to cardiopulmonary bypass in neonatal pigs. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 2000; 44(10):1204-1208.

5.                  Cadet P, Bilfinger TV, Fimiani C, Peter D, Stefano GB. Human vascular and cardiac endothelia express mu opiate receptor transcripts. Endothelium 2000; 7:185-191.

6.                  Chopin V, Stefano G, Salzet M. Biochemical evidence of specific trypsin-chymotrypsin inhibitors in the rhynchobdellid leech, Theromyzon tessulatum. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition 2000; 15(4):367-379.

7.                  de la Torre JC, Stefano GB. Evidence that Alzheimer's disease is a microvascular disorder: The role of constitutive nitric oxide. Brain Res Rev 2000; 34:119-136.

8.                  Fimiani C, Magazine HI, Welters I, Bilfinger TV, Salsano F, Tonnesen E et al. Antagonism of LPS and IFN-g induced iNOS expression in human atrial endothelia by morphine, anandamide and estrogen. Acta Pharmacol Sinica 2000; 21(5):P405-P409.

9.                  Goumon Y, Stefano GB. Identification of Morphine in the Rat Adrenal Gland. Mol Brain Res 2000; 77:267-269.

10.              Goumon Y, Lugardon K, Gadroy P, Strub JM, Welters ID, Stefano GB et al. Processing of proenkephalin-A in bovine chromaffin cells. Identification of natural derived fragments by N-terminal sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2000; 275(49):38355-38362.

11.              Goumon Y, Casares F, Pryor S, Ferguson L, Brownwell B, Cadet P et al. Ascaris suum, an internal parasite, produces morphine. J Immunol 2000; 165(1):339-343.

12.              Goumon Y, Bouret S, Casares F, Zhu W, Beauvillain JC, Stefano GB. Lipopolysaccharide increases endogenous morphine levels in rat brain. Neuroscience Letters 2000; 293(2):135-138.

13.              Goumon Y, Weeks BS, Cadet P, Stefano GB. Identification of morphine in the adrenal medullary chromaffin PC-12 cell line. Mol Brain Res 2000; 81:177-180.

14.              Magazine HI, Chang J, Goumon Y, Stefano GB. Rebound from nitric oxide inhibition triggers enhanced monocyte activation and chemotaxis. J Immunol 2000; 165(1):102-107.

15.              Prevot V, Bouret S, Stefano GB, Beauvillain JC. Median eminence nitric oxide signaling. Brain Res Rev 2000; 34:27-41.

16.              Rialas C, Weeks BS, Cadet P, Goumon Y, Stefano GB. Nociceptin, endomorphin-1 and -2 do not interact with invertebrate immune and neural m3 opiate receptor. Acta Pharmacol Sinica 2000; 21(6):516-520.

17.              Saeed RW, Stefano GB, Qi F, Short TW, Bilfinger TV, Magazine HI. Expression of delta opioid receptor in vascular smooth muscle. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 2000; 6(6):673-677.

18.              Salzet M, Capron A, Stefano GB. Molecular crosstalk in host-parasite relationships: Schistosome- and leech-host interactions. Parasitology Today 2000; 16(12):536-540.

19.              Slingsby BT, Stefano GB. Placebo: Harnessing the power within. Modern Aspects of Immunobiology 2000; 1(4):144-146.

20.              Stefano GB, Stefano JM. Cannabinoids: New antihypertensive agents? Curr Opin Clinical Exper Res 2000; 2:205-223.

21.              Stefano GB. Endocannabinoid immune and vascular signaling. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2000; 21(12):1071-1081.

22.              Stefano GB, Prevot V, Beauvillain JC, Bilfinger TV, Fimiani C, Welters I et al. Acute exposure of estrogen to human endothelia results in nitric oxide release mediated by an estrogen surface receptor coupled to intracellular calcium transients. Circulation 2000; 101:1594-1597.

23.              Stefano GB, Goumon Y, Bilfinger TV, Welters I, Cadet P. Basal nitric oxide limits immune, nervous and cardiovascular excitation:  Human endothelia express a mu opiate receptor. Progress in Neurobiology 2000; 60:531-544.

24.              Stefano GB, Cadet P, Breton C, Goumon Y, Prevot V, Dessaint JP et al. Estradiol-stimulated nitric oxide release in human granulocytes is dependent on intracellular calcium transients: Evidence for a cell surface estrogen receptor. Blood 2000; 95(12):3951-3958.

25.              Stefano GB, Goumon Y, Casares F, Cadet P, Fricchione GL, Rialas C et al. Endogenous morphine. Trends in Neurosciences 2000; 9:436-442.

26.              Stefano GB. Fentanyl does not exhibit naloxone sensitive immune and vascular regulatory actions. Curr Opin Clinical Exper Res 2000; 2(3):117-129.

27.              Stefano GB, Weeks BS, Cadet P. GP120 promotes HIV survival by distracting immune surveillance. Modern Aspects of Immunobiology 2000; 1(2):63-68.

28.              Stefano GB, Bilfinger TV, Rialas CM, Deutsch DG. 2-Arachidonyl-glycerol stimulates nitric oxide from human immune and vascular tissues and invertebrate immunocytes by cannabinoid receptor 1. Pharmacological Research 2000; 42(4):317-322.

29.              Tasiemski A, Salzet M, Benson H, Fricchione GL, Bilfinger TV, Goumon Y et al. The presence of opioid and antibacterial peptides in human plasma during coronary artery bypass surgery. J Neuroimmunol 2000; 109:228-235.

30.              Tasiemski A, Verger-Bocquet M, Cadet M, Goumon Y, Metz-Boutigue MH, Aunis D et al. Proenkephalin A-derived peptides in invertebrate innate immune processes. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2000; 76(2):237-252.

31.              Welters ID, Menzebach A, Goumon Y, Cadet P, Menges T, Hughes TK et al. Morphine inhibits NF-kB nuclear binding in human neutrophils and monocytes by a nitric oxide dependent mechanism. Anesthesiol 2000; 92(6):1677-1684.

32.              Welters ID, Menzebach A, Goumon Y, Langefeld TW, Teschemacher H, Hempelmann G et al. Morphine suppresses complement receptor expression, phagocytosis, and respiratory burst in neutrophils by a nitric oxide and mu(3) opiate receptor-dependent mechanism. J Neuroimmunol 2000; 111(1-2):139-145.

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